Laws about the Great Day of Forgiveness

1-2Two of Aaron's sons had already lost their lives for disobeying the LORD,16.1,2 lost…disobeying the LORD: See 10.1,2. so the LORD told Moses to say to Aaron:16.2: He 6.19.

I, the LORD, appear in a cloud over the place of mercy on the sacred chest, which is behind the inside curtain16.1,2 inside curtain: That separated the holy place from the most holy place. of the sacred tent. And I warn you not to go there except at the proper time. Otherwise, you will die!

3Before entering this most holy place, you must offer a bull as a sacrifice for your sins16.3 for your sins: See 4.3-12. and a ram as a sacrifice to please me.16.3 sacrifice to please me: See the note at 1.1-3.16.3: He 9.7. 4You will take a bath and put on the sacred linen clothes, including the underwear, the robe, the sash, and the turban. 5Then the community of Israel will bring you a ram and two goats, both of them males. The goats are to be used as sacrifices for sin, and the ram is to be used as a sacrifice to please me.

6Aaron, you must offer the bull as a sacrifice of forgiveness for your own sins and for the sins of your family. 7Then you will lead the two goats into my presence at the front of the sacred tent, 8where I will show you16.8 I will show you: The Hebrew text has “you must cast lots to find out”. Pieces of wood or stone (called “lots”) were used to find out what God wanted his people to do. which goat will be sacrificed to me and which one will be sent into the desert to the demon Azazel.16.8 Azazel: It was believed that a demon named Azazel lived in the desert. 9After you offer the first goat as a sacrifice for sin, 10the other one must be presented to me alive, before you send it into the desert to take away the sins of the people.

11You must offer the bull as a sacrifice to ask forgiveness for your own sins and for the sins of your family. 12Then you will take a fire pan of live coals from the bronze altar, together with two handfuls of finely ground incense, into the most holy place. 13There you will present them to me by placing the incense on the coals, so that the place of mercy will be covered with a cloud of smoke. Do this, or you will die there! 14Next, use a finger to sprinkle some of the blood on the place of mercy, which is on the lid of the sacred chest; then sprinkle blood seven times in front of the chest.

15Aaron, you must next sacrifice the goat for the sins of the people, and you must sprinkle its blood inside the most holy place, just as you did with the blood of the bull.16.15: He 9.12. 16By doing this, you will take away the sins that make both the most holy place and the people of Israel unclean. Do the same for the sacred tent, which is here among the people. 17Only you are allowed in the sacred tent from the time you enter until the time you come out. 18After leaving the tent, you will purify the bronze altar by smearing each of its four corners with some of the blood from the bull and from the goat. 19Use a finger to sprinkle the altar seven times with the blood, and it will be completely clean from the sins of the people.

20After you have purified the most holy place, the sacred tent, and the bronze altar, you must bring the live goat to the front of the tent. 21There you will lay your hands on its head, while confessing every sin the people have committed, and you will appoint someone to lead the goat into the desert, so that it can take away their sins. 22Finally, this goat that carries the heavy burden of Israel's sins must be released deep in the desert.

23-24Aaron, after this you must go inside the sacred tent, take a bath, put on your ordinary priestly clothes, and leave there the clothes you put on before entering the most holy place. Then you will come out and offer sacrifices to please me and sacrifices for your sins and for the sins of the people.16.23: Ez 44.19. 25The fat from these sacrifices for sin must be sent up in smoke on the bronze altar.

26The one who led the goat into the desert and sent it off to the demon Azazel must take a bath and wash his clothes before coming back into camp. 27The remains of the bull and the goat whose blood was taken into the most holy place must be taken outside the camp and burnt.16.27: He 13.11. 28And whoever does this must take a bath and change clothes before coming back into camp.

The LORD told Moses to say to the people:

29On the tenth day of the seventh month16.29 seventh month: Tishri (also called Ethanim), the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar, from about mid-September to mid-October. of each year, you must go without eating to show sorrow for your sins, and no one, including foreigners who live among you, is allowed to work.16.29-34: Lv 23.26-32; Nu 29.7-11. 30This is the day on which the sacrifice for the forgiveness of your sins will be made in my presence, 31and from now on, it must be celebrated each year. Go without eating and make this a day of complete rest just like the Sabbath. 32The high priest must offer the sacrifices for cleansing from sin, while wearing the sacred linen clothes. 33He will offer these sacrifices for the most holy place, the sacred tent, the bronze altar, all the priests, and for the whole community. 34You must celebrate this day each year—it is the Great Day of Forgiveness16.34 Great Day of Forgiveness: Traditionally known as the Day of Atonement. for all the sins of the people of Israel.

Moses did exactly as the LORD had commanded.