Instructions for religious festivals

1The LORD told Moses 2to say to the community of Israel:

I have chosen certain times for you to come together and worship me.

3You have six days when you can do your work, but the seventh day of each week is holy because it belongs to me. No matter where you live, you must rest on the Sabbath and come together for worship. This law will never change.23.3: Ex 20.8-10; 23.12; 31.15; 34.21; 35.2; Dt 5.12-14.

Passover and the Festival of Thin Bread

(Numbers 28.16-25)

The LORD said:

4-5Passover is another time when you must come together to worship me, and it must be celebrated on the evening of the fourteenth day of the first month23.4,5 first month: Abib (also called Nisan), the first month of the Hebrew calendar, from about mid-March to mid-April. of each year.23.5: Ex 12.1-13; Dt 16.1-2.

6The Festival of Thin Bread begins on the fifteenth day of that same month; it lasts seven days, and during this time you must honour me by eating bread made without yeast.23.6-8: Ex 12.14-20; 23.15; 34.18; Dt 16.3-8. 7On the first day of this festival you must rest from your work and come together for worship. 8Each day of this festival you must offer sacrifices. Then on the final day you must once again rest from your work and come together for worship.

Offering the first part of the harvest

9The LORD told Moses 10to say to the community of Israel:

After you enter the land I am giving you, the first bundle of wheat from each crop must be given to me. So bring it to a priest 11on the day after the Sabbath. He will lift it up23.11 lift it up: See the note at 7.29,30. in dedication to me, and I will accept you. 12You must also offer a sacrifice to please me.23.12 sacrifice to please me: See the note at 1.1-3. So bring the priest a one-year-old lamb that has nothing wrong with it 13and two kilogrammes of your finest flour mixed with olive oil. Then he will place these on the bronze altar and send them up in smoke with a smell that pleases me. Together with these, you must bring a litre of wine as a drink offering. 14I am your God, and I forbid you to eat any new grain or anything made from it until you have brought these offerings. This law will never change.

The Harvest Festival

(Numbers 28.26-31)

The LORD said:

15Seven weeks after you offer this bundle of grain, each family must bring another offering of new grain.23.15-21: Ex 23.16; 34.22; Dt 16.9-12. 16Do this exactly fifty days later, which is the day following the seventh Sabbath. 17Bring two loaves of bread to be lifted up23.17 lifted up: See the note at 7.29,30. in dedication to me. Each loaf is to be made with yeast and with two kilogrammes of the finest flour from the first part of your harvest.

18At this same time, the entire community of Israel must bring seven lambs that are a year old, a young bull, and two rams. These animals must have nothing wrong with them, and they must be offered as a sacrifice to please me.23.18 sacrifice to please me: See the note at 1.1-3. You must also offer the proper grain and wine sacrifices with each animal.23.18 proper grain…animal: See Numbers 15.1-16. 19Offer a goat23.19 goat: See the note at 1.1-3. as a sacrifice for sin, and two rams a year old as a sacrifice to ask my blessing.23.19 sacrifice to ask my blessing: See the note at 3.1. 20The priest will lift up23.20 lift up: See the note at 7.29,30. the rams together with the bread in dedication to me. These offerings are holy and are my gift to the priest. 21This is a day of celebration and worship, a time of rest from your work. You and your descendants must obey this law.

22When you harvest your grain, always leave some of it standing around the edges of your fields and don't pick up what falls on the ground. Leave it for the poor and for those foreigners who live among you. I am the LORD your God!23.22: Lv 19.9,10; Dt 24.19-22.

The Festival of Trumpets

(Numbers 29.1-6)

23The LORD told Moses 24-25to say to the people of Israel:

The first day of the seventh month23.24,25 seventh month: See the note at 16.29. must be a day of complete rest. Then at the sound of the trumpets, you will come together to worship and to offer sacrifices on the altar.

The Great Day of Forgiveness

(Numbers 29.7-11)

26The LORD God said to Moses:23.26-32: Lv 16.29-34.

27The tenth day of the seventh month23.27 seventh month: See the note at 16.29. is the Great Day of Forgiveness.23.27 Great Day of Forgiveness: See the note at 16.34. It is a solemn day of worship; everyone must go without eating to show sorrow for their sins, and sacrifices must be burnt. 28No one is to work on that day—it is the Great Day of Forgiveness, when sacrifices will be offered to me, so that I will forgive your sins. 29I will destroy anyone who refuses to go without eating. 30-31None of my people are ever to do any work on that day—not now or in the future. And I will wipe out those who do! 32This is a time of complete rest just like the Sabbath, and everyone must go without eating from the evening of the ninth to the evening of the tenth.

The Festival of Shelters

(Numbers 29.12-40)

33The LORD told Moses23.33-36: Dt 16.13-15. 34to say to the community of Israel:

Beginning on the fifteenth day of the seventh month,23.34 seventh month: See the note at 16.29. and continuing for seven days, everyone must celebrate the Festival of Shelters in honour of me. 35No one is to do any work on the first day of the festival—it is a time when everyone must come together for worship. 36For seven days, sacrifices must be offered on the altar. The eighth day is also to be a day of complete rest, as well as a time of offering sacrifices on the altar and of coming together for worship.

37I have chosen these festivals as times when my people must come together for worship and when animals, grain, and wine are to be offered on the proper days. 38These festivals must be celebrated in addition to the Sabbaths and the times when you offer special gifts or sacrifices to keep a promise or as a voluntary offering.

39Remember to begin the Festival of Shelters on the fifteenth day of the seventh month after you have harvested your crops. Celebrate this festival for seven days in honour of me and don't do any work on the first day or on the day following the festival. 40Pick the best fruit from your trees23.40 best fruit from your trees: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text. and cut leafy branches to use during the time of this joyous celebration in my honour. 41I command you and all your descendants to celebrate this festival during the seventh month of each year. 42For seven days every Israelite must live in a shelter, 43so future generations will know that I made their ancestors live in shelters when I brought them out of Egypt. I am the LORD your God.

44This is how Moses instructed the people of Israel to celebrate the LORD's festivals.