Dedication of the Firstborn

1The LORD said to Moses, 213.2: Num 3.13; Lk 2.23“Dedicate all the firstborn males to me, for every firstborn male Israelite and every firstborn male animal belongs to me.”

The Festival of Unleavened Bread

3Moses said to the people, “Remember this day — the day on which you left Egypt, the place where you were slaves. This is the day the LORD brought you out by his great power. No leavened bread is to be eaten. 4You are leaving Egypt on this day in the first month, the month of Abib. 5The LORD solemnly promised your ancestors to give you the land of the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Amorites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites. When he brings you into that rich and fertile land, you must celebrate this festival in the first month of every year. 6For seven days you must eat unleavened bread and on the seventh day there is to be a festival to honour the LORD. 7For seven days you must not eat any bread made with yeast; there must be no yeast or leavened bread anywhere in your land. 8When the festival begins, explain to your sons that you do all this because of what the LORD did for you when you left Egypt. 9This observance will be a reminder, like something tied on your hand or on your forehead; it will remind you to continue to recite and study the Law of the LORD, because the LORD brought you out of Egypt by his great power. 10Celebrate this festival at the appointed time each year.

The Firstborn

11“The LORD will bring you into the land of the Canaanites, which he solemnly promised to you and your ancestors. When he gives it to you, 1213.12: Ex 34.19–20; Lk 2.23you must offer every firstborn male to the LORD. Every firstborn male of your animals belongs to the LORD, 13but you must buy back from him every firstborn male donkey by offering a lamb in its place. If you do not want to buy back the donkey, break its neck. You must buy back every firstborn male child of yours. 14In the future, when your son asks what this observance means, you will answer him, ‘By using great power the LORD brought us out of Egypt, the place where we were slaves. 15When the king of Egypt was stubborn and refused to let us go, the LORD killed every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, both human and animal. That is why we sacrifice every firstborn male animal to the LORD, but buy back our firstborn sons. 16This observance will be a reminder, like something tied on our hands or on our foreheads; it will remind us that the LORD brought us out of Egypt by his great power.’ ”

The Pillar of Cloud and the Pillar of Fire

17When the king of Egypt let the people go, God did not take them by the road that goes up the coast to Philistia, although it was the shortest way. God thought, “I do not want the people to change their minds and return to Egypt when they see that they are going to have to fight.” 18Instead, he led them in a roundabout way through the desert towards the Red Sea.13.18 Red Sea: (in Hebrew literally “Sea of Reeds”) evidently referred to (1) a series of lakes and marshes between the head of the Gulf of Suez and the Mediterranean, the region generally regarded as the site of the events described in Exodus 13, and was also used to designate (2) the Gulf of Suez, and (3) the Gulf of Aqaba. The Israelites were armed for battle.

1913.19: Gen 50.25; Josh 24.32Moses took the body of Joseph with him, as Joseph had made the Israelites solemnly promise to do. Joseph had said, “When God rescues you, you must carry my body with you from this place.”

20The Israelites left Sukkoth and camped at Etham on the edge of the desert. 21During the day the LORD went in front of them in a pillar of cloud to show them the way, and during the night he went in front of them in a pillar of fire to give them light, so that they could travel night and day. 22The pillar of cloud was always in front of the people during the day, and the pillar of fire at night.