The Sermon on the Mount

5.1—7.29

1Jesus saw the crowds and went up a hill, where he sat down. His disciples gathered round him, 2and he began to teach them:

True Happiness

(Lk 6.20–23)

3“Happy are those who know they are spiritually poor;

the Kingdom of heaven belongs to them!

45.4: Is 61.2Happy are those who mourn;

God will comfort them!

55.5: Ps 37.11Happy are those who are humble;

they will receive what God has promised!

65.6: Is 55.1–2Happy are those whose greatest desire is to do what God requires;

God will satisfy them fully!

7Happy are those who are merciful to others;

God will be merciful to them!

85.8: Ps 24.3–4Happy are the pure in heart;

they will see God!

9Happy are those who work for peace;

God will call them his children!

105.10: 1 Pet 3.14Happy are those who are persecuted because they do what God requires;

the Kingdom of heaven belongs to them!

115.11: 1 Pet 4.14“Happy are you when people insult you and persecute you and tell all kinds of evil lies against you because you are my followers. 125.12: 2 Chr 36.16; Acts 7.52Be happy and glad, for a great reward is kept for you in heaven. This is how the prophets who lived before you were persecuted.

Salt and Light

(Mk 9.50; Lk 14.34–35)

13“You are like salt for the whole human race. But if salt loses its saltiness, there is no way to make it salty again. It has become worthless, so it is thrown out and people trample on it.

145.14: Jn 8.12; 9.5“You are like light for the whole world. A city built on a hill cannot be hidden. 155.15: Mk 4.21; Lk 8.16; 11.33No one lights a lamp and puts it under a bowl; instead he puts it on the lampstand, where it gives light for everyone in the house. 165.16: 1 Pet 2.12In the same way your light must shine before people, so that they will see the good things you do and praise your Father in heaven.

Teaching about the Law

17“Do not think that I have come to do away with the Law of Moses and the teachings of the prophets. I have not come to do away with them, but to make their teachings come true. 185.18: Lk 16.17Remember that as long as heaven and earth last, not the least point nor the smallest detail of the Law will be done away with — not until the end of all things.5.18 the end of all things; or all its teachings come true. 19So then, whoever disobeys even the least important of the commandments and teaches others to do the same, will be least in the Kingdom of heaven. On the other hand, whoever obeys the Law and teaches others to do the same, will be great in the Kingdom of heaven. 20I tell you, then, that you will be able to enter the Kingdom of heaven only if you are more faithful than the teachers of the Law and the Pharisees in doing what God requires.

Teaching about Anger

(Lk 12.57–59)

215.21: Ex 20.13; Deut 5.17“You have heard that people were told in the past, ‘Do not commit murder; anyone who does will be brought to trial.’ 22But now I tell you: whoever is angry5.22 whoever is angry; some manuscripts have whoever without cause is angry. with his brother will be brought to trial, whoever calls his brother ‘You good-for-nothing!’ will be brought before the Council, and whoever calls his brother a worthless fool will be in danger of going to the fire of hell. 23So if you are about to offer your gift to God at the altar and there you remember that your brother has something against you, 24leave your gift there in front of the altar, go at once and make peace with your brother, and then come back and offer your gift to God.

25“If someone brings a lawsuit against you and takes you to court, settle the dispute with him while there is time, before you get to court. Once you are there, he will hand you over to the judge, who will hand you over to the police, and you will be put in jail. 26There you will stay, I tell you, until you pay the last penny of your fine.

Teaching about Adultery

275.27: Ex 20.14; Deut 5.18“You have heard that it was said, ‘Do not commit adultery.’ 28But now I tell you: anyone who looks at a woman and wants to possess her is guilty of committing adultery with her in his heart. 295.29: Mt 18.9; Mk 9.47So if your right eye causes you to sin, take it out and throw it away! It is much better for you to lose a part of your body than to have your whole body thrown into hell. 305.30: Mt 18.8; Mk 9.43If your right hand causes you to sin, cut it off and throw it away! It is much better for you to lose one of your limbs than for your whole body to go to hell.

Teaching about Divorce

(Mt 19.9; Mk 10.11–12; Lk 16.18)

315.31: Deut 24.1–4; Mt 19.7; Mk 10.4“It was also said, ‘Anyone who divorces his wife must give her a written notice of divorce.’ 325.32: Mt 19.9; Mk 10.11–12; Lk 16.18; 1 Cor 7.10–11But now I tell you: if a man divorces his wife, for any cause other than her unfaithfulness, then he is guilty of making her commit adultery if she marries again; and the man who marries her commits adultery also.

Teaching about Vows

335.33: Lev 19.12; Num 30.2; Deut 23.21“You have also heard that people were told in the past, ‘Do not break your promise, but do what you have vowed to the Lord to do.’ 345.34: Jas 5.12; Is 66.1; Mt 23.22But now I tell you: do not use any vow when you make a promise. Do not swear by heaven, for it is God's throne; 355.35: Is 66.1; Ps 48.2nor by earth, for it is the resting place for his feet; nor by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the great King. 36Do not even swear by your head, because you cannot make a single hair white or black. 37Just say ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ — anything else you say comes from the Evil One.

Teaching about Revenge

(Lk 6.29–30)

385.38: Ex 21.24; Lev 24.20; Deut 19.21“You have heard that it was said, ‘An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth.’ 39But now I tell you: do not take revenge on someone who wrongs you. If anyone slaps you on the right cheek, let him slap your left cheek too. 40And if someone takes you to court to sue you for your shirt, let him have your coat as well. 41And if one of the occupation troops forces you to carry his pack one kilometre, carry it two kilometres. 42When someone asks you for something, give it to him; when someone wants to borrow something, lend it to him.

Love for Enemies

(Lk 6.27–28, 32–36)

435.43: Lev 19.18“You have heard that it was said, ‘Love your friends, hate your enemies.’ 44But now I tell you: love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, 45so that you may become the children of your Father in heaven. For he makes his sun to shine on bad and good people alike, and gives rain to those who do good and to those who do evil. 46Why should God reward you if you love only the people who love you? Even the tax collectors do that! 47And if you speak only to your friends, have you done anything out of the ordinary? Even the pagans do that! 485.48: Lev 19.2; Deut 18.13You must be perfect — just as your Father in heaven is perfect!